Newcastle and Berwick Railway  (1845–1847)

Seal of the Newcastle and Berwick Railway, 1845

Did you know?

The Stephensons went head to head with Brunel over plans for the line between Newcastle & Berwick. Brunel proposed an ‘atmospheric’ system but this was rejected in favour of the Stephenson railway. 

A short lived company, the Newcastle and Berwick Railway was responsible for the construction of a crucial part of today’s east coast mainline. 

Plans for a continuous east coast route to Scotland had been promoted by railway speculators since the early 1830s. George Stephenson surveyed a number of routes between Newcastle and Edinburgh and recommended a route via Berwick and Dunbar which kept close to the coast.

These plans were revived in 1844 when the railway reached Newcastle from London. The promoters of the Newcastle & Berwick Railway adopted George Stephenson’s route to join the North British Railway at Berwick. The Newcastle & Berwick Railway obtained its Act of Parliament on 31 July 1845 and appointed Robert Stephenson its chief engineer. Its strategic importance meant that in 1847 the company was amalgamated with the York & Newcastle to form the York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway.

Between its authorisation in 1845 and the opening of the line in 1850 major works of civil engineering by Robert Stephenson had been completed; the High Level Bridge (1849), the Royal Border Bridge (1850) and Newcastle Central Station (1850). With the opening of the Royal Border Bridge the York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway was linked to the North British Railway route to Edinburgh. The dream of a continuous east coast railway route to Edinburgh had become a reality.

 
 

1836

The line between Newcastle and Edinburgh via Berwick & Dunbar is surveyed by George Stephenson.

 

1844

The plan for an east coast route to Scotland is revived. Promoters back George Stephenson’s route for the Newcastle & Berwick Railway.

 

1845

July: the Newcastle & Berwick Railway is approved by Act of Parliament.

 

1847

July: The Newcastle & Berwick joins the York & Newcastle to form the York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway.

 

1849

The High Level Bridge over the River Tyne at Newcastle is opened.

 

1850

August: the York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway is linked to the North British Railway route to Edinburgh with the opening of the Royal Border Bridge at Berwick. Newcastle Station is opened jointly between the York, Newcastle & Berwick and the Newcastle & Carlisle railways.

 

1854

July: the York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway forms part of the new North Eastern Railway Company.

 
High Level Bridge side elevation

High Level Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne | Bridges and Viaducts

When the High Level Bridge at Newcastle opened in 1849, it was an important part of the railway promoters’ objective to create a continuous line that would run from London to Edinburgh. Designed by Robert Stephenson, the bridge was to combine rail and road traffic, and was the first in the world to do so. 
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Tweed Contract South Abutment &c of the Tweed viaduct

Royal Border Bridge, Berwick upon Tweed | Bridges and Viaducts

The Royal Border Bridge was the last link in completing a continuous railway line running between London and Edinburgh. Designed by Robert Stephenson, the bridge was a more traditional masonry structure than its contemporaries the High Level and Britannia bridges, but it is one that has stood the test of time.
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Signature of George Stephenson, 1847

George Stephenson  (1781 - 1848) | People

The combination of George Stephenson’s achievements in both civil and mechanical engineering has directly influenced much of our railway infrastructure. He foresaw a national network of lines, running at a ‘standard gauge’ with minimal gradients. Routes he surveyed and structures he designed and built are still in use today. For this pioneering work he is known as the father of the railways. 
Read more

 

Signature of Robert Stephenson, 1847

Robert Stephenson  (1803 - 1859) | People

Robert Stephenson built on the considerable achievements of his father, George. His forward thinking enabled the significant expansion of railways during the ‘railway mania’ of the mid nineteenth century. His expertise in both civil and mechanical engineering established the concept of the railway which developed in this country, and was then exported to the world. 
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Comments & Suggestions (3)

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Good stuff Can I assume that more will be added? Nothing about St Pancras or the Euston Arch It is very confusing to find the Stephensons and Brunel listed alphabetically by their Christian names. It is not too late to change this Why list the Forth Bridge in Fife? the other end is in (mid) Lothian or Edinburghshire as it was then widely known

Posted by peter dunlop, Friday, March 2, 2012.


 I am interested in the 1948 flooding in the Berwickshire and East Lothian counties which also affected the Eat COAST MAINLINE FROM NEWCASTLE/BERWICK/EDINBURGH

Posted by gordon walker, Thursday, March 1, 2012.


 Gordon we have a lot of info and a good film of the 1948 floods on our facebook page Railways of Berwick and the Eastern Borders. Its a private page so you have to ask for membership( This is a precaution as we were hacked and lost everything),

Posted by george, Sunday, March 4, 2012.


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See also

Signature of IK Brunel, 1852

Isambard Kingdom Brunel

Isambard Kingdom Brunel is celebrated as an engineering genius. Brunel’s Great Western Railway was designed for speed and efficiency, and his daring schemes and record breaking structures are still a vital part of today’s railway infrastructure. He combined considerable ingenuity with immense boldness of vision in his sometimes controversial achievements. Read more


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